Ketamine was initially developed as an anesthetic, but it has recently gained attention as a promising treatment for mental health conditions, particularly depression. In 2000, the first clinical trial demonstrated that ketamine could produce rapid and long-lasting improvements in patients with depression. Since then, numerous studies have underscored its potential to treat severe depression as well as other mental health disorders, including:
- Anxiety
- Bipolar
- Substance abuse disorders
- Eating disorders
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
One of ketamine’s main therapeutic mechanisms is targeting NMDA receptors, proteins in the brain involved in cognition and memory. This interaction increases excitation in the brain and stimulates neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to form new connections and adapt. Ketamine may enhance communication in areas linked to mood regulation and help people reform unhealthy thought and behavior patterns.
In mental health treatment, ketamine is mostly provided intravenously, directly injected into a patient’s veins. This allows the drug to enter the bloodstream and rapidly bring about an effect.
Spravato (esketamine) is the S-enantiomer of ketamine, meaning it is one of two mirror-image molecules that make up ketamine. It is more potent than R-ketamine (the other enantiomer) at NMDA receptors, and so smaller doses can be used in mental health treatment.
Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen Pharmaceuticals developed Spravato around 2010. Given its smaller doses, they proposed Spravato would have a reduced side effect profile compared to ketamine. Spravato is also a nasal spray, so its route of administration is far less invasive.
Like ketamine, Spravato has demonstrated the potential to treat various mental health disorders. However, it is best known for its ability to help individuals overcome severe, treatment-resistant depression.
Ketamine or Spravato: Which is Better for Depression?
Administration
Spravato is a much less invasive procedure compared to ketamine infusions and doesn’t cause bruising or injection site pain. However, patients may experience nasal discomfort and blockage.
Efficacy
There is no strong evidence to suggest one treatment is more effective than the other when it comes to treating depression, and the results tend to be mixed.
One study from Cambridge University found that intravenous ketamine led to slightly better symptom improvement and remission rates than Spravato. However, these differences were insignificant.
The outcomes of either treatment will also depend on the quality of patient care offered by a clinic. Certified Spravato centers, such as the McClean Neuropsychiatric Centre, adhere to strict guidelines set by the FDA, helping to ensure well-trained professionals can thoroughly support patients through their healing journey.
Legality
Spravato is FDA-approved to treat depressive disorders, including treatment-resistant depression and major depression with suicidality. Ketamine, on the other hand, is only approved as an anesthetic. Ketamine is used to treat depression ‘off-label,’ which is when doctors prescribe medications for purposes other than their intended use.
This means Spravato treatments are more closely monitored than ketamine treatments. To administer Spravato, treatment centers must be registered with the FDA Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) program and meet its requirements.
Affordability
Spravato is markedly more expensive than ketamine because it is a patented compound and requires REMS approval. However, unlike ketamine, Spravato is covered by insurance by numerous providers, including Medicaid, Medicare, United Healthcare, Cigna, and more.
Side Effects
Ketamine and Spravato share the same side effects, including dizziness, nausea, dissociation, increased heart rate, and blood pressure. Both ketamine and esketamine also carry a risk for substance abuse.
It’s been proposed that Spravato has fewer psychological side effects because of its lower doses. However, there is no strong evidence to support this claim.
Ketamine and Spravato for Depression Treatment in the DC Metro Area
There are many clinics providing ketamine and Spravato across the DMV areas. These neighborhoods include Washington D.C and the surrounding areas, the DC Metro Area, Maryland, and Northern Virginia.
If you’re based in these areas and are interested in using ketamine, there are several factors that you should consider before choosing a clinic. This includes:
- Medical Staff Qualifications: Research to see if the clinic has licensed and experienced medical professionals who are well-versed in administering ketamine treatments.
- Treatment Protocols: Look for clinics that follow established, evidence-based protocols for ketamine therapy, including appropriate dosing and safety measures.
- Clinic Reputation and Reviews: Research the clinic’s reputation by reading patient testimonials, reviews, and ratings.
- Treatment Environment: The clinic’s setting should be comfortable, calm, and relaxing.
- Follow-Up Care: Ask about the clinic’s approach to follow-up care. Ongoing support, therapy, or integration sessions can help improve the chances of long-term success.
- Cost and Insurance Coverage: Inquire about the cost of treatment and whether the clinic accepts insurance or offers payment plans. Spravato is covered by some of America’s top medical insurance companies.
- Personalized Treatment Plans: The clinic should offer personalized treatment plans tailored to your needs and mental health condition rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.
Life-Changing Spravato Treatments in Mclean, Virginia
The Mclean Neuropsychiatric Treatment Centre is a certified Spravato treatment center where you can access high-quality care from experienced medical professionals. The treatment center has state-of-the-art facilities and is in a convenient, easy-to-access location for local residents of McLean.
McLean is the home for many other holistic treatment centers, so clients can easily find supporting nearby therapies for Spravato, such as counseling. This will enhance the effectiveness of your treatment and support long-term recovery.
To learn more and see if you’re eligible for treatment, be sure to request a consultation here.
FAQs
Is Ketamine Approved by the FDA?
Ketamine is not FDA-approved for depression but it is approved as an anesthetic. In mental health treatment, ketamine is used off-label.On the other hand, Spravato is approved as a treatment for certain types of depression.
How is Ketamine Covered by Insurance?
Coverage for Ketamine can vary significantly. Some insurance plans may cover it, while others may not. Patients in the NOVA and DC Metro area should consult with their insurance providers to understand their specific coverage options and costs.
How is Spravato Covered by Insurance?
Spravato is generally covered by insurance, including Medicare and Medicaid, for treatment-resistant depression. However, coverage can vary, so patients should verify with their insurance providers.
What are the Potential Side Effects of Ketamine?
Side effects of Ketamine can include dissociation, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and elevated blood pressure. Discuss these risks with your healthcare provider.
Who is Eligible for Ketamine or Spravato Treatment?
Eligibility for Ketamine or Spravato depends on individual circumstances and medical history. Residents of the NOVA and DC Metro area should consult with a licensed mental health professional, such as those at McLean, to determine if they are good candidates for either treatment.